Garment-type electronic device and method for producing same

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a garment-type electronic device capable of reducing discomfort during the wearing in the garment-type electronic device comprising an electrical wiring using stretchable conductor composition. In a part in contact with a body surface of a garment-type electronic device, a level difference at the boundary between the electrode portion where the conductor is exposed and the wiring portion covered with the insulating cover layer is substantially eliminated, whereby a garment type electronic device with a natural wearing feeling in which discomfort during wearing has been reduced is obtained. Furthermore, by providing the projections and the depressions in the fabric texture on its surface, a more natural wearing feeling is obtained. Such a garment-type electronic device can be produced by a printing transfer method.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a garment-type wearable electronicdevice that is used with an electronic function or an electric functionbeing incorporated into a garment. In particular, the present inventionrelates to a garment-type electronic device including a stretchableelectrical wiring and having a natural wearing feeling, and a method forproducing the same.

BACKGROUND ART

Recently, a wearable electronic device intended to use an electronicdevice having input/output function, calculation function, andcommunication function in a state of being very close to or in closecontact with a body has been developed. As such a wearable electronicdevice, devices with an accessory-type shape such as a wristwatch,eyeglasses, and earphones, and a textile-integrated device whereelectronic functions are incorporated into a garment are known.

An electrical wiring for power supply and signal transmission isnecessary for an electronic device. In particular, for atextile-integrated wearable electronic device, the electrical wiring isrequired to have stretchability in accordance with a stretchablegarment. Usually, an electrical wiring composed of a metal wire or metalfoil inherently has no practical stretchability, and hence a techniquefor providing stretching capabilities in a pseudo manner by arranging ametal wire or metal foil in a wave shape or in a repeated horseshoesshape is employed.

In the case of the metal wire, it is possible to form a wiring byregarding the metal wire as an embroidery yarn and sewing it into agarment. However, it is clear that such a method is not suitable formass production.

A method of forming a wiring by etching the metal foil is common as amethod for producing a printed wiring board. A method is known in whichthe metal foil is attached to a stretchable resin sheet, and awave-shaped wire is formed in the same manner as in the printed wiringboard to make a stretchable wiring in a pseudo manner (Non-PatentDocument 1). In this method, a stretchability is given in a pseudomanner by twist deformation of the wave-shaped wiring portion. However,metal foil varies also in the thickness direction due to the twistdeformation, and thus if the metal foil is used as a part of a garment,the garment has uncomfortable wearing feeling, which is not preferable.In addition, when the metal foil undergoes excessive deformation due towashing or the like, permanent plastic deformation occurs in the metalfoil, and the wiring may have the problem of the durability.

As a method to realize a stretchable conductor wiring, a method using aspecial conductive paste has been proposed. In such a method, conductiveparticles such as silver particles, carbon particles, and carbonnanotubes, elastomer such as urethane resin with stretchability, naturalrubber, or synthetic rubber, and a solvent etc. are kneaded to form apaste, and using the resulting paste, a wiring is printed and drawn on agarment directly or in combination with a stretchable film substrate orthe like.

A conductive composition composed of conductive particles and astretchable binder resin can macroscopically realize a stretchableconductor. From a microscopic viewpoint, in the conductive compositionobtained from the above-mentioned paste, the resin binder portion isdeformed upon receiving an external force, and the conductivity ismaintained within a range in which the electrical chain of theconductive particles is not broken. The resistivity observedmacroscopically is higher than that of metal wires or metal foil.However, since the composition itself has stretchability, the wiring isnot required to have a shape like a wave-shaped wiring, and flexibilityin the width and the thickness of the wiring increases. Therefore, on apractical level, it is possible to realize a wiring with a lowresistance compared with a metal wire.

Patent Document 2 discloses a technique in which silver particles andsilicone rubber are combined, and the conductive film on the siliconerubber substrate is further covered with silicone rubber to suppressdegradation of conductivity during elongation. Patent Document 3discloses a combination of silver particles and a polyurethane emulsionand that a conductive film with high conductivity and a high elongationratio can be obtained. Furthermore, many examples have also beenproposed in which improvement of characteristics is attempted bycombining conductive particles having a high aspect ratio such as carbonnanotubes, silver fillers, and the like.

Patent Document 4 discloses a technique for directly forming anelectrical wiring in a garment by using a printing method.

RELATED ART DOCUMENTS Patent Documents Patent Document 1: JP-A-H2-234901Patent Document 2: JP-A-2007-173226 Patent Document 3: JP-A-2012-54192Patent Document 4: JP-B-3723565 DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems tobe Solved by the Invention

As can be easily inferred from a printed wiring in a general printedwiring board or membrane circuit, an insulating substrate or underlyinglayer, a patterned conductor layer, and an insulating cover coat layerare required for the electrical wiring. Furthermore, in a wearableelectronic device, particularly in a wiring used for such applicationsof measuring an electric potential of a human body by being worn on thehuman body, an electrode being in direct contact with the surface of thehuman body may be required. According to examples of the printed wiringboard or the membrane circuit, it is a technical common sense that thesurface of such an electrode is plated with a noble metal, tin, solderor the like, or an electrode surface layer that covers the conductorlayer with carbon paste containing carbon as a conductive filler or thelike is provided.

The underlying layer, the conductor layer, the insulating cover layer,and the electrode surface layer each have a pattern shape unique toitself, and each layer has a thickness required for exhibiting eachfunction. As a result of overlapping each layer, unevenness occurs as alevel difference on the surface of the printed wiring. This is the sameeven in a printed wiring board in which a pattern is formed mainly bythe subtractive method and a membrane circuit in which a pattern isformed by the additive method.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a conventionalprinted wiring. An underlying layer 2, a conductor layer 3, aninsulation coat layer 4 are formed in this order on a substrate 1 byrepeatedly performing a process of printing, drying and curingsequentially, whereby a wiring having the cross-sectional structure asshown in FIG. 1 can be obtained. The part that is not covered with theinsulating cover coat and where the conductor layer is exposed is anelectrode portion, and the part that is covered with the insulatingcover coat is a wiring portion.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a case in which anelectrode surface layer is provided in a conventional printed wiring. Ineither case, it can be understood that a level difference is generatedat the boundary between the wiring portion and the electrode portion,and unevenness occurs as the level difference on the surface of theprinted wiring.

The unevenness as the level difference on the surface of such a printedwiring does not pose a major problem in general electronic devices.However, in a garment-type wearable electronic device, particularly in awiring that is formed inside the garment and is directly in contact withthe surface of a human body, the unevenness may cause discomfort and anuncomfortable feeling while wearing the garment, which may causeimpairment of a natural wearing feeling.

Needless to say, as to the above-mentioned impairment of a naturalwearing feeling caused by the unevenness as the level difference on thesurface of the wiring, the same is true in a stretchable wiring using ametal wiring, and a wiring using an electrically conductive fiber.

On the other hand, particularly for a subject during hard exercising, asubject who works in high temperatures and high humidity environments,and a subject who works in wet environments such as a person who isinvolved in shipping or fishery, the electrode portion and the wiringportion that are in contact with the surface of the human body have aproblem that when the subject perspires, the surface of the electrodeand the surface of the wiring portion may stick to the surface of thebody with sweat, resulting in a very uncomfortable wearing feeling.

Needless to say, as to the above-mentioned impairment of a wearingfeeling in which the surface of the wiring and the surface of theelectrode stick to the surface of the body, resulting in anuncomfortable wearing feeling, the same is true in a stretchable wiringusing a metal wiring, and a wiring using an electrically conductivefiber.

When an electrical wiring and an electrode are formed using a conductivepaste, a screen printing method is generally used. In the screenprinting, with a screen plate being in contact with a substrate to besubjected to printing, pattern formation is carried out by transferringan ink or paste to the substrate side through a screen. Since the platematerial contacts the substrate to be subjected to printing, in the casewhere an output composed of a plurality of layers including anunderlying layer, a conductor layer, an insulating cover layer, anelectrode surface layer, and the like, as required in the presentinvention, is required, every time one layer is printed, it is necessaryto undergo a drying and curing step for that layer. If the substrate isa common rigid substrate, it is necessary to take some countermeasuresagainst thermal shrinkage of the substrate or hysteresis of linearexpansion during drying and curing, and dimensional change due tomoisture absorption/release caused by heating, etc. However, unless atemperature range at which the substrate is greatly deformed is notused, each layer can be printed in an overlaid manner with almost noproblem, and regarding alignment, tolerance can be reduced to such alevel that will not cause any problems in engineering by combining withsuch technique as predicting the dimensional change of the substrate inadvance.

However, since a substrate in a garment-type electronic device is aflexible substrate such as a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a nonwovenfabric, and a stretchable film or a sheet, which are easily deformed byexternal force, the alignment of layers becomes very difficult. To solvethese problems, a method can be used in which a substrate is attached toa temporary fixing base and repeatedly subjected to printing, curing anddrying thereon, but it takes time and energy for heating and cooling ofan amount corresponding to the heat capacity of the fixing base. Inaddition, this method is not preferable also from the viewpoint ofhandling property and the like.

Means for Solving the Problems

The inventors made intensive studies to achieve the above objects, andas a result, found that the main cause of the above-mentioned discomfortis a level difference at the boundary between the electrode surfacewhere the conductor layer or the electrode surface layer is exposed andthe wiring portion covered with the insulating cover layer.

Furthermore, the inventors made intensive studies to solve the aboveproblems, and as a result, found that the above-mentioned uncomfortablefeeling can be greatly reduced through the shape of the surface of theelectrical wiring. In addition, the inventors devised the idea of usinga transfer method to solve the above problems and accomplished thefollowing invention.

That is, the present invention has the following constitution.

[1] A garment-type electronic device comprising an electrical wiringcomprising a conductor layer, an insulating cover layer, and aninsulating underlying layer in a part in contact with a body surface,wherein the electrical wiring has substantially no level difference at aboundary between an electrode portion and a wiring portion.

[2] The garment-type electronic device comprising an electrical wiringaccording to above [1], wherein the electrical wiring comprises theconductor layer, the insulating cover layer, the insulating underlyinglayer, and an electrode surface layer.

[3] The garment-type electronic device according to above [1] or [2],wherein the garment-type electronic device can be deformed at astretching rate of 10% or more without substantially impairing aconductive function of the conductor layer, an insulation function ofthe insulating cover layer, and an insulation function of the insulatingunderlying layer.

[4] The garment-type electronic device according to any of above [1] to[3], wherein the conductor layer, the insulating cover layer, and theinsulating underlying layer each have an elongation at break of 50% ormore and a tensile elastic modulus of 10 to 500 MPa.

[5] A garment-type electronic device comprising an electrical wiringcomprising at least a conductor layer, an insulating cover layer, and aninsulating underlying layer in a part in contact with a body surface,wherein a surface of a wiring portion of the electrical wiring hasprojections and depressions in a shape of fabric texture.

[6] The garment-type electronic device comprising an electrical wiringaccording to above [5], wherein the electrical wiring comprises at leastthe conductor layer, the insulating cover layer, the insulatingunderlying layer, and an electrode surface layer.

[7] The garment-type electronic device according to above [5] or [6],wherein, in the projections and the depressions in the shape of fabrictexture on the surface of the wiring portion, a repetition pitch of theprojections and the depressions is 0.06 mm or more and 12 mm or less onat least one arbitrary straight line.

[8] The garment-type electronic device according to any of above [5] to[7], wherein, in the projections and the depressions in the shape offabric texture on the surface of the wiring portion, a difference inheight between a concave portion and a convex portion is 7 μm or moreand 2500 μm or less.

[9] The garment-type electronic device according to any of above [5] to[8], wherein the conductor layer, the insulating cover layer, and theinsulating underlying layer each have an elongation at break of 50% ormore and a tensile elastic modulus of 10 to 500 MPa.

[10] The garment-type electronic device according to any of above [5] to[9], wherein the garment-type electronic device can be deformed at astretching rate of 10% or more without substantially impairing aconductive function of the conductor layer, an insulation function ofthe insulating cover layer, and an insulation function of the insulatingunderlying layer.

[11] A method for producing a garment-type electronic device comprisingan electrical wiring comprising at least a conductor layer, aninsulating cover layer, and an insulating underlying layer, the methodcomprising: preparing the electrical wiring by sequentially printing andstacking the insulating cover layer, the conductor layer, and theinsulating underlying layer in this order using an ink or paste-likematerial on a first substrate exhibiting releasability; and transferringthe electrical wiring to a fabric as a second substrate.

[12] A method for producing a garment-type electronic device comprisingan electrical wiring comprising at least a conductor layer, aninsulating cover layer, an insulating underlying layer, and an electrodesurface layer, the method comprising: preparing the electrical wiring bysequentially printing and stacking the insulating cover layer, theelectrode surface layer, the conductor layer, and the insulatingunderlying layer in this order using an ink or paste-like material on afirst substrate exhibiting releasability; and transferring theelectrical wiring to a fabric as a second substrate.

[13] A method for producing a garment-type electronic device comprisingan electrical wiring comprising at least a conductor layer, aninsulating cover layer, an insulating underlying layer, and an electrodesurface layer, the method comprising: preparing the electrical wiring bysequentially printing and stacking the electrode surface layer, theinsulating cover layer, the conductor layer, and the insulatingunderlying layer in this order using an ink or paste-like material on afirst substrate exhibiting releasability; and transferring theelectrical wiring to a fabric as a second substrate.

[14] The method for producing a garment-type electronic device accordingto any of above [11] to [13], wherein the conductor layer, theinsulating cover layer, and the insulating underlying layer each have anelongation at break of 50% or more and a tensile elastic modulus of 10to 500 MPa.

[15] The method for producing a garment-type electronic device accordingto any of above [11] to [14], wherein the garment-type electronic devicecan be deformed at a stretching rate of 10% or more withoutsubstantially impairing a conductive function of the conductor layer, aninsulation function of the insulating cover layer, and an insulationfunction of the insulating underlying layer.

[16] The method for producing a garment-type electronic device accordingto any of above [11] to [15], wherein the first substrate exhibitingreleasability has projections and depressions in a shape of stripe or ina shape of fabric texture on a surface of the first substrate.

Effects of the Invention

In the electrical wiring used in the garment-type electronic device ofthe present invention, a level difference at the boundary between theelectrode surface where the conductor layer or the electrode surfacelayer is exposed and the wiring portion covered with the insulatingcover layer is substantially eliminated, whereby discomfort during thewearing of the garment-type electronic device is significantly reduced,and hence a natural wearing feeling is realized.

Although a level difference exists also between the wiring portion andthe non-wiring portion, the level difference at the boundary between thewiring portion and the non-wiring portion is covered with the underlyinglayer and the cover layer and thus is gentle. In addition, since both ahigher part and a lower part of the level difference are a cover layercomposed of the same material, discomfort is small in terms of touchsensation.

However, at the boundary between the electrode portion and the wiringportion, there is an essential difference that each of the electrodeportion and the wiring portion is made of a different material. Inparticular, the electrode portion is composed of a conductor part havingelectron conductivity such as metal or carbon, which has a high thermalconductivity. On the other hand, the insulating cover layer is composedof an organic material, which has a low thermal conductivity. Theinventors made various studies on the shapes of the electrode and thewiring. As a result, the inventors found out that discomfort during thewearing of the garment is caused by the synergistic effect of the leveldifference between the electrode portion and the insulating coverportion and the difference in thermal conductivity, and that thediscomfort during the wearing can be significantly reduced byeliminating the level difference at the boundary.

In addition, in the garment-type electronic device of the presentinvention in which the level difference at the boundary between theelectrode portion and the wiring portion of the electrical wiring issubstantially eliminated, since the insulating cover portion is notraised with respect to the electrode portion, not only contact betweenthe electrode and the surface of a human body but also junction with aconnector for connection with a discrete component or a module can besmoothly performed.

Improvement of the contact state with the surface of a human body leadsto the accuracy of detection of biological signals. Furthermore, in theconnector portion, since the outer shape of the connector can fit overthe insulating cover portion, it is possible to allow the surface of theelectrode not to be exposed. Since an attaching portion has a flatsurface without a level difference, it is possible to attach a connectorcomponent without forcing the electrode portion to be deformed whenattaching, so that an excellent effect of improving the reliability ofthe connecting portion can be obtained.

In the case where the thickness in the electrical wiring portion variesdepending on its parts, when tension is applied to the electricalwiring, the elongation rate of a thicker part is small, and theelongation rate of a thinner part is large, so that the load may locallyincrease, resulting in shortening the overall material lifetime. In thepresent invention, since the level difference in the electrical wiringportion is substantially small, such variation in the elongation rate isunlikely to occur, and as a result, the product lifetime can beprolonged.

In the electrical wiring used in the garment-type electronic device ofthe present invention, by providing projections and depressions in theshape of fabric texture on its surface, the electrical wiring portion isprevented from sticking to the surface of a human body by moistening,and hence an uncomfortable feeling while wearing is reduced.

However, since the formation of the projections and the depressions onthe surface of the electrical wiring intuitively reduces the opportunityof contact between the electrode and the surface of the human body, itis concerned that it becomes difficult to detect a signal from the humanbody. Originally, when a rigid electrode material is used, contactbetween the flat surface of the electrode and the free curved surface ofthe human body is intrinsically poor. Practically, the deformation ofthe human body side allows the contact between the surface of theelectrode and the surface of the human body to be generated. A state ofgiving unnatural deformation to the surface of the body causes adiscomfort and is not necessarily a comfortable state.

When the projections and the depressions are formed on the surface ofthe electrode, if an object under test has a flat surface, the contactarea may certainly become small and the detection accuracy may decrease.The inventors have found that, on a flexible surface of a human body,the deformation of the skin follows the projections and the depressionsof the surface of the electrode, so that the decrease in the contactarea is not as large as it may seem, and the formation of theprojections and the depressions on the surface of the electrode in orderto reduce an uncomfortable feeling when sweating does not necessarilylead to a reduction in detection accuracy.

Furthermore, in the present invention, by using the electrical wiringcomposed of flexible materials, the deformation on the human body sideand the deformation on the electrode side synergistically act, bringingabout a more reliable contact state. More preferably, by using theelectrical wiring having stretchability capable of expanding andcontracting, the electrode also macroscopically deforms in a free curvedsurface manner, so that the state of contact between the surface of theelectrode and the surface of the human body becomes more reliable.

In addition, due to the provision of the projections and the depressionson the surface, it is concerned that the mechanical strength of theelectrical wiring portion may be lowered, and the durability of thegarment-type electronic device may be impaired. However, it has beenfound by the studies of the inventors that even if the projections andthe depressions are provided, remarkable deterioration in durabilitydoes not occur, and on the contrary, the durability is improved. Theinventors consider that the projections and the depressions on thesurface substantially provide a bellows structure to the wiring portion,so that flexibility and stretchability are structurally exhibited. Thedifference in height and the repetition pitch of the projections and thedepressions which are preferably provided in the present inventionexceed the total thickness of the wiring portion depending on theconditions, and the durability improving effect brought by the bellowsstructure becomes more remarkable.

Furthermore, in the present invention, by using the electrical wiringcomposed of flexible materials, the degree of freedom in deformation ofthe wiring portion is further increased in terms of structure andmaterials, and by using an electrical wiring having stretchability, thedegree of freedom of the wiring portion is further increased, anddurability is further improved. In particular, the degree of freedom ofdeformation in a compression direction is increased, so that improvementin washing durability is expected.

In the production method of the present invention, since layersnecessary for the electrical wiring are formed on a releasingintermediate medium having sufficient dimensional stability, thealignment of each of the layers can be performed with high accuracy ascompared with the case of directly printing on fabric.

Furthermore, by using the production method of the present invention, itis possible to substantially eliminate a level difference between theelectrode portion and the wiring portion. Not only in a garment-typeelectronic device, but also in general printed wirings, an electrodeportion and a wiring leading to an electrode are formed of the sameconductive material, an insulating cover layer is formed on the wiringportion, and an electrode surface layer is formed on the electrodeportion, so that a level difference is generated at the boundary betweenthe wiring portion and the electrode portion. In the present invention,this level difference can be substantially eliminated, and a discomfortwhen wearing a garment-type electronic device to be obtained can besignificantly reduced. By this action, the garment-type electronicdevice produced by the production method of the present invention canrealize a natural wearing feeling.

In addition, in the garment-type electronic device obtained by theproduction method of the present invention in which the level differenceat the boundary between the electrode portion and the wiring portion ofthe electrical wiring is substantially eliminated, since the insulatingcover portion is not raised with respect to the electrode portion, notonly contact between the electrode and the surface of a human body butalso junction with a connector for connection with a discrete componentor a module can be smoothly performed.

Improvement of the contact state with the surface of a human body leadsto the accuracy of detection of biological signals. Furthermore, in theconnector portion, since the outer shape of the connector can fit overthe insulating cover portion, it is possible to allow the surface of theelectrode not to be exposed. Since an attaching portion has a flatsurface without a level difference, it is possible to attach a connectorcomponent without forcing the electrode portion to be deformed whenattaching, so that an excellent effect of improving the reliability ofthe connecting portion can be obtained.

In the case where the thickness in the electrical wiring portion variesdepending on its parts, when tension is applied to the electricalwiring, the elongation rate of a thicker part is small, and theelongation rate of a thinner part is large, so that the load may locallyincrease, resulting in shortening the overall material lifetime. In thepresent invention, since the level difference in the electrical wiringportion is substantially small, such variation in the elongation rate isunlikely to occur. In particular, since a steep level difference iseliminated, the local change of the elongation rate can be suppressed,and as a result, the product lifetime can be prolonged.

Furthermore, in the present invention, by forming a predeterminedthree-dimensional pattern in advance on the surface of the intermediatemedium, the pattern can be transferred to the electrical wiring, andhence the electrical wiring having a three-dimensional pattern on thesurface can be obtained. By using a fabric shape as a three-dimensionalpattern, it is possible to greatly reduce the difference in touchsensation between a part with the wiring and a part without the wiring,whereby improvement in the wearing feeling of the garment-typeelectronic device can be attained.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a case in which noelectrode surface layer is provided in a conventional electrical wiring;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a case in which anelectrode surface layer is provided in a conventional electrical wiring;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a case in which noelectrode surface layer is provided in the electrical wiring of thepresent invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a case in which anelectrode surface layer is provided in the electrical wiring of thepresent invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the process of a production method ofa conventional electrical wiring;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an example of the process of aproduction method of the electrical wiring of the present invention;

FIG. 7 shows an example of the pattern of the electrical wiring of thepresent invention; and

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing an arrangement position of theexample of the electrical wiring of FIG. 7 on a sports shirt.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

1. Substrate (fabric)2. Insulating underlying layer3. Stretchable conductor composition layer (stretchable conductor layer)4. Stretchable cover layer (insulating cover layer)5. Stretchable carbon layer (electrode surface layer)6. Adhesive layer (insulating underlying layer)10. Temporary support body (releasing support body)

MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference tothe drawings.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a case in which noelectrode surface layer is provided in the electrical wiring of thepresent invention. In this example, the conductor layer functions as anelectrode as it is. Compared with FIG. 1 showing a cross section of aconventional electrical wiring, the surface of the electrode is flushwith the insulating cover layer in the electrical wiring of the presentinvention, and thus unevenness on the surface of the electrical wiringdoes not occur.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a case in which anelectrode surface layer is provided in the electrical wiring of thepresent invention. Compared with FIG. 2 showing a cross section of acase in which an electrode surface layer is provided in a conventionalelectrical wiring, the electrode surface layer is flush with theinsulating cover layer in the electrical wiring of the presentinvention, and thus unevenness on the surface of the electrical wiringdoes not occur.

It is obvious that the electrical wiring in the present invention isflexible. The flexible electrical wiring of the present invention isimplemented by forming each of the conductor layer, the insulating coverlayer, the insulating underlying layer and the electrode surface layerconstituting the electrical wiring from a material having flexibility.Furthermore, the flexible electrical wiring of the present invention ispreferably composed of a stretchable material having stretchability, andthe electrical wiring preferably has stretchability in addition toflexibility.

Hereinbelow, each layer of the electrical wiring will be explained.

In the present invention, a fabric constituting a part or whole of thegarment of the garment-type electronic device can be used as asubstrate. Examples of the fabric include a woven fabric, a knittedfabric, and a nonwoven fabric, and coated fabrics obtained by subjectingthese fabrics to resin-coating or resin-impregnation and the like canalso be used as a substrate. A synthetic rubber sheet typified byNeoprene (registered trademark) can also be used as a substrate. Afabric to be used in the present invention preferably has stretchabilitycapable of repeated stretching of 10% or more. Moreover, the substrateof the present invention preferably has an elongation at break of 50% ormore. The substrate of the present invention may be a raw fabric, may bein the form of ribbon or tape, or may be a braid or net, or a piece offabric cut from a raw fabric.

When the fabric is a woven fabric, examples thereof include plain weave,twill weave, sateen weave, and the like. When the fabric is a knittedfabric, examples thereof include knitted fabrics of plain stitch,modified stitches thereof, moss stitch, crepe stitch, lace stitch,eyelet stitch, plating stitch, pile stitch, rib stitch, ripple stitch,hexagonal stitch, blister stitch, milano rib stitch, double piquestitch, single pique stitch, twill stitch, herringbone stitch, ponterome stitch, basket stitch, tricot stitch, half tricot stitch, satintricot stitch, double tricot stitch, queen's cord stitch, stripedseersucker stitch, raschel stitch, tulle mesh stitch, modified stitchesthereof, and combinations thereof. The fabric may be a nonwoven fabricmade of elastomer fiber or the like.

The underlying layer of the present invention has a function ofinsulation on the substrate side of the wiring portion. Here, theinsulation includes mechanical, chemical and biological insulations inaddition to electrical insulation, and requires a function to insulatethe conductor layer from moisture, chemical substances, biologicalsubstances permeating the substrate.

The underlying layer of the present invention is preferably composed ofa flexible polymeric material. As the flexible polymer material, amaterial that is so-called rubber or elastomer can be used. As suchrubber or elastomer of the present invention, a resin material forforming a conductor layer described later can be used.

The underlying layer of the present invention preferably hasstretchability capable of repeated stretching of 10% or more. Inaddition, the underlying layer of the present invention preferably hasan elongation at break of 50% or more. Furthermore, the underlying layerof the present invention preferably has a tensile elastic modulus of 10to 500 MPa.

The underlying layer of the present invention is preferably formed byapplying a coating liquid, an immersion liquid, a printing ink, aprinting paste or the like in a liquid form or a slurry state onto asubstrate. To bring a material for the underlying layer into a liquidform or a slurry state, it may be dissolved and dispersed in a solvent.It is within the scope of the present invention to blend a knownleveling agents, thixotropic property imparting agent, and the like foradjusting printability and the like. The solvent is appropriatelyselected from solvents and the like which can be used for a conductivepaste described later.

In the present invention, as a special case, when a precursor of amaterial for forming the underlying layer is a liquid, it is alsopossible that a layer formed using the precursor is subjected to anappropriate reaction to form an underlying layer.

When it is difficult to bring a material for forming the underlyinglayer of the present invention into in a liquid state or a slurry state,the material can be processed into a film form or a sheet form by meltextrusion molding or press molding and attached to a substrate with anadhesive or the like. Alternatively, the material can be processed intoa film or sheet in a precursor state, and then solidified by apredetermined reaction to obtain a film or sheet.

The conductor layer of the present invention refers to a layer composedof a material having a specific resistance of 1×10⁰ Ωcm or less. Theconductor layer of the present invention preferably has stretchability.The stretchability in the present invention means that stretching of 10%or more can be repeatedly performed. As for the conductor layer of thepresent invention, the elongation at break of the conductor layer aloneis preferably 50% or more. Furthermore, the conductor layer of thepresent invention preferably has a tensile elastic modulus of 10 to 500MPa. A material having such stretchability is called a stretchableconductor composition.

The stretchable conductor composition can be obtained from a conductivepaste described below. Hereinafter, a conductive paste as one ofimplementation means for the components of the present invention will beexplained. The conductive paste is composed of at least conductiveparticles, nonconductive particles to be preferably added, a stretchableresin, and a solvent.

The conductive particles of the present invention are composed of amaterial having a specific resistance of 1×10⁻¹ Ωcm or less and have aparticle diameter of 100 μm or less. Examples of the material having aspecific resistance of 1×10⁻¹ Ωcm or less include metal, alloy, carbon,doped semiconductor, conductive polymer, and the like. As the conductiveparticles preferably used in the present invention, metals such assilver, gold, platinum, palladium, copper, nickel, aluminum, zinc, lead,and tin, alloy particles such as brass, bronze, cupronickel, and solder,hybrid particles such as silver-coated copper, metal-plated polymerparticles, metal-plated glass particles, metal-coated ceramic particles,and the like can be used.

In the present invention, it is preferred to mainly use flaky silverparticles or an irregular-shaped aggregated silver powder. Here, the“mainly use” means that the amount of 90% by mass or more of theconductive particles is used. The irregular-shaped aggregated powder ismade by three-dimensional aggregation of spherical or irregular-shapedprimary particles. The irregular-shaped aggregated powder and the flakypowder are preferable because they have a specific surface area largerthan that of spherical powder or the like, and hence an electricalconductivity network can be formed even when the filling amount issmall. The irregular-shaped aggregated powder, which is not in amonodisperse form, is further preferable because the particlesphysically contact with each other, and hence an electrical conductivitynetwork can be easily formed.

Although there is no particular limitation for the particle diameter ofthe flaky powder, the average particle diameter (50% D) measured by adynamic light scattering method is preferably 0.5 to 20 μm, and morepreferably 3 to 12 μm. If the average particle diameter exceeds 15 μm,the formation of a fine wiring may become difficult, and clogging occursin the case of screen printing or the like. If the average particlediameter is less than 0.5 μm, the particles cannot contact with eachother when the filling amount is small, and as a result, the electricalconductivity may deteriorate.

Although there is no particular limitation for the particle diameter ofthe irregular-shaped aggregated powder, the average particle diameter(50% D) measured by a light scattering method is preferably 1 to 20 μm,and more preferably 3 to 12 μm. If the average particle diameter exceeds20 μm, the dispersibility decrease, and as a result, paste formation maybecome difficult. If the average particle diameter is less than 1 μm,the effects as the aggregated powder is lost, and as a result, highelectrical conductivity may not be maintained when the filling amount issmall.

The nonconductive particles in the present invention are composed of anorganic or inorganic insulating material. The inorganic particles in thepresent invention are added for the purpose of improving printingproperties, stretching properties and coating film surface properties,and inorganic particles such as silica, titanium oxide, talc, andalumina, microgel made of a resin material, and the like can be used.

In the present invention, it is preferable to use barium sulfateparticles as non-conductive particles. As the barium sulfate particlesin the present invention, ground barite obtainable by grinding a baritemineral called a natural barite, and a so-called precipitated bariumsulfate produced by a chemical reaction can be used. It is preferred inthe present invention to use the precipitated barium sulfate of whichparticle diameter is easily controlled. The average particle diameter ofthe barium sulfate particles preferably used, as determined by a dynamiclight scattering method, is preferably 0.01 to 18 μm, more preferably0.05 to 8 μm, and further preferably 0.2 to 3 μm. In addition, thebarium sulfate particles in the present invention are preferablysubjected to a surface treatment with a hydroxide and/or oxide of one orboth of Al and Si. By such a surface treatment, the hydroxide and/oroxide of one or both of Al and Si adhere to the surface of the bariumsulfate particles. The adhering amount of these compounds is preferably0.5 to 50, and more preferably 2 to 30 relative to 100 of bariumelements at an element ratio detected by X-ray fluorescence analysis.

The average particle diameter of the barium sulfate particles ispreferably smaller than the average particle diameter of the conductiveparticles. The number average particle diameter of the conductiveparticles is preferably 1.5 times or more, further preferably 2.4 timesor more, and still further preferably 4.5 times or more of the numberaverage particle diameter of the barium sulfate particles. When theaverage particle diameter of the barium sulfate particles exceeds theabove range, the irregularities on the surface of the resulting coatincrease, which tends to cause a fracture of the coat when stretched. Onthe other hand, when the average particle diameter of the barium sulfateparticles is smaller than the above range, the stretching durabilityenhancement effect is insufficient, the viscosity of the paste isincreased, and as a result, it becomes difficult to manufacture thepaste.

The barium sulfate particles in the present invention is contained in anamount of 2 to 30% by mass, preferably 3 to 20% by mass, and morepreferably 4 to 15% by mass relative to the total amount of theconductive particles and the barium sulfate particles. If the amount ofthe barium sulfate particles exceeds the above range, the electricalconductivity of the surface of the resulting coat lowers. On the otherhand, if the amount of the barium sulfate particles is less than theabove range, the stretching durability enhancement effect tends to behardly developed.

It is preferred to use a flexible resin as the resin in the presentinvention. As the flexible resin in the present invention, thermoplasticresins, thermosetting resins, or rubbers having an elastic modulus of 1to 1000 MPa can be given. In order to develop the film stretchability,rubbers are preferable. Examples of the rubbers include urethane rubber,acrylic rubber, silicone rubber, butadiene rubber, rubber containing anitrile group such as nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber,isoprene rubber, vulcanized rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, butylrubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber,vinylidene fluoride copolymer, and the like. Among these, rubbercontaining a nitrile group, chloroprene rubber, and chlorosulfonatedpolyethylene rubber are preferable, and rubber containing a nitrilegroup is particularly preferable. The elastic modulus in the presentinvention is preferably within a range of 3 to 600 MPa, more preferably10 to 500 MPa, further preferably 30 to 300 MPa.

There is no particular limitation for the rubber containing a nitrilegroup as far as it is a rubber or elastomer containing a nitrile group,and nitrile rubber and hydrogenated nitrile rubber are preferable.Nitrile rubber is a copolymer of butadiene with acrylonitrile, and whenthe amount of bonding acrylonitrile increases, affinity with metalincreases but rubber elasticity contributing to stretchability ratherdecreases. Therefore, the amount of bonding acrylonitrile in theacrylonitrile butadiene copolymer rubber is preferably 18 to 50% bymass, and more preferably 40 to 50% by mass.

The flexible resin in the present invention is contained in an amount of7 to 35% by mass, preferably 9 to 28% by mass, and more preferably 12 to20% by mass relative to the total amount of the conductive particles,the nonconductive particles to be preferably added, and the flexibleresin.

Furthermore, an epoxy resin may be blended to the conductive paste inthe present invention. The epoxy resin in the present invention ispreferably a bisphenol A type epoxy resin or a phenol novolac type epoxyresin. When blending an epoxy resin, a curing agent for the epoxy resinmay be blended. As the curing agent, known amine compounds, polyaminecompounds and the like can be used. The curing agent is preferablycontained in an amount of 5 to 50% by mass, and more preferably 10 to30% by mass relative to the epoxy resin. Moreover, the amount of theepoxy resin and the curing agent is 3 to 40% by mass, preferably 5 to30% by mass, more preferably 8 to 24% by mass relative to the all resincomponents including the flexible resin.

The present invention contains a solvent. The solvent in the presentinvention is water or an organic solvent. The content of the solvent isnot particularly limited since it should be appropriately investigateddepending on the viscosity required of the paste, and it is generallypreferred to be 30 to 80 in a mass ratio when the total mass of theconductive particles, the barium sulfate particles and the flexibleresin is defined as 100.

As to the organic solvent used in the present invention, its boilingpoint is preferred to be equal to or higher than 100° C. and lower than300° C., and more preferred to be equal to or higher than 130° C. andlower than 280° C. When the boiling point of the organic solvent is toolow, the solvent may be evaporated during the paste production processand during use of the paste, and there is concern that the ratio of theingredients constituting the conductive paste will be apt to change. Onthe other hand, when the boiling point of the organic solvent is toohigh, the amount of solvent remaining in the dried and cured coatbecomes large, and hence there is concern that reliability of the coatwill deteriorate.

Specific examples of the organic solvent using in the present inventioninclude cyclohexanone, toluene, xylene, isophorone, γ-butyrolactone,benzyl alcohol, Solvesso 100, 150 and 200 (manufactured by ExxonChemical), propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, terpineol, butylglycol acetate, diamylbenzene, triamylbenzene, n-dodecanol, diethyleneglycol, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycolmonoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate,diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol monoacetate,triethylene glycol diacetate, triethylene glycol, triethylene glycolmonomethyl ether, triethylene glycol monoethyl ether, triethylene glycolmonobutyl ether, tetraethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol monobutylether, tripropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, and2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate. As to a petroleumhydrocarbon, there may be exemplified AF Solvent No. 4 (boiling point:240 to 265° C.), No. 5 (boiling point: 275 to 306° C.), No. 6 (boilingpoint: 296 to 317° C.), No. 7 (boiling point: 259 to 282° C.), and No. 0Solvent H (boiling point: 245 to 265° C.) etc. manufactured by NipponOil Corporation. If necessary, the organic solvent may be used singly,or in combination of two or more thereof. Such organic solvents areappropriately contained such that a conductive silver paste has aviscosity suitable for printing or the like.

The paste for forming a stretchable conductor in the present inventioncan be prepared by mixing and dispersing the conductive particles, thebarium sulfate particles, the stretchable resin, and the solvent asmaterials with a disperser such as a dissolver, three-roll mill,rotation/revolution mixer, attritor, ball mill, sand mill or the like.

Into the paste for forming a stretchable conductor in the presentinvention, a known organic or inorganic additive such as a printabilityimparting agent, color tone adjusting agent, leveling agent,antioxidant, ultraviolet absorber, or the like can be blended as long asthe contents of the invention are not impaired.

The insulating cover layer of the present invention has a function ofinsulation on the surface side of the wiring portion. Here, theinsulation includes mechanical, chemical and biological insulations inaddition to electrical insulation, and requires a function to insulatethe conductor layer from moisture, chemical substances, biologicalsubstances permeating the substrate.

The insulating cover layer of the present invention is preferablycomposed of a flexible polymeric material. As the flexible polymermaterial, a material that is so-called rubber or elastomer can be used.As such rubber or elastomer of the present invention, a resin materialfor forming the conductor layer can be used.

The insulating cover layer of the present invention preferably hasstretchability capable of repeated stretching of 10% or more. Inaddition, the insulating cover layer of the present invention preferablyhas an elongation at break of 50% or more. Furthermore, the insulatingcover layer of the present invention preferably has a tensile elasticmodulus of 10 to 500 MPa.

The insulating cover layer of the present invention is preferably formedby applying a coating liquid, an immersion liquid, a printing ink, aprinting paste or the like in a liquid form or a slurry state onto asubstrate. To bring a material for the insulating cover layer into aliquid form or a slurry state, it may be dissolved and dispersed in asolvent. It is within the scope of the present invention to blend aknown leveling agents, thixotropic property imparting agent and the likefor adjusting printability and the like. The solvent is appropriatelyselected from solvents and the like which can be used for a conductivepaste.

In the present invention, as a special case, when a precursor of amaterial for forming an insulating cover layer is a liquid, it is alsopossible that a layer formed using the precursor is subjected to anappropriate reaction to form an insulating cover layer. The case wherean ultraviolet curable resin or the like is used falls under this case.

When it is difficult to bring a material for forming the insulatingcover layer of the present invention into in a liquid state or a slurrystate, it is also possible that the material is processed into a filmform or sheet form, for example, by melt extrusion molding or pressmolding, and then the film or sheet is processed into an appropriateouter shape and attached to a substrate with an adhesive or the like.

The electrode surface layer in the present invention literally means alayer to be used when coating the surface of the electrode with amaterial different from the wiring portion. As the electrode surfacelayer, noble metal plating such as gold plating, platinum plating, andrhodium plating, solder plating, tin plating or the like can be used.

The electrode surface layer of the present invention preferably hasstretchability capable of repeated stretching of 10% or more. Inaddition, the electrode surface layer of the present inventionpreferably has an elongation at break of 50% or more. Furthermore, theelectrode surface layer of the present invention preferably has atensile elastic modulus of 10 to 500 MPa.

When stretchability is required also for the electrode portion asdescribed above, it is possible to form the electrode surface layerusing a stretchable carbon paste. The carbon paste in the presentinvention can be regarded as a carbon paste in which the conductiveparticles in the conductive paste for forming the conductor layer arelimited to conductive carbon. However, with respect to the blendingamount of the conductive particles, since the carbon particles have aspecific gravity smaller than that of metal and a specific surface arealarger than that of metal, it is preferred to blend the conductiveparticles in an amount of about one-half to one-eighth of the mass % ofa metal powder. Other conditions, dispersion method and the like forobtaining the carbon paste, are the same as those for the conductivepaste.

In the present invention, that “the electrical wiring has substantiallyno level difference at a boundary between an electrode portion and awiring portion” means that the thicker portion and the thinner portionof the wiring do not have a distinct boundary therebetween, and in atransition region where a change in level difference of at least 50 μmoccurs, the thickness varies within the transition region of the widthof 1.0 mm or more, preferably 2.0 mm or more, more preferably 3.0 mm ormore. Such thickness variation of the boundary portion may be determinedfrom a profile determined with a non-contact-type thickness meter. Morespecifically, using a wide double-sided tape, the wiring portiontogether with the fabric that is a substrate is attached to a flat platein a state in which tension is applied in a surface direction to such anextent that a distinct slack does not occur to prepare a sample, and theprofile of the sample may be determined by an optical thickness meter.If the level difference at the boundary is within the above-mentionedrange, the existence of a level difference is not felt when touched, andtherefore it can be said that the electrical wiring has substantially nolevel difference.

It is preferred that the wiring portion of the garment-type electronicdevice of the present invention can be deformed at a stretching rate of10% or more without substantially impairing the conductive function ofthe conductor layer, the insulation function of the insulating coverlayer, and the insulation function of the insulating underlying layer.More specifically, the wiring portion of the garment-type electronicdevice is cut out, and the conductive functions and the insulationfunctions before and after stretching the wiring portion at a stretchingrate of 10% with a tensile tester can be compared. The conductivefunction is evaluated by the resistance value of the wiring, and if theresistance value in a state where the wiring is stretched at astretching rate of 10% is equal to or smaller than 100 times theresistance value at a stretching rate of 0%, the conductive function isevaluated to be maintained. In a state where the insulating underlyinglayer is stretched at a stretching rate of 10% and then the stretchingrate is returned to 0%, unless separation of the insulating underlyinglayer from the substrate occurs, the insulation function is determinedto be maintained. With respect to the insulating cover layer, unlesscracks that can be visually recognized occur in a state of a stretchingrate of 10%, the insulation function is determined to be maintained.

The conductor layer, the insulating cover layer, and the insulatingunderlying layer of the present invention each preferably have anelongation at break of 50% or more, and a tensile elastic modulus of 10to 500 MPa. The elongation at break and the tensile elastic modulus ofeach layer can be determined by applying a paste material constitutingeach layer onto a release sheet to form a film with a prescribedthickness, separating the film after drying, and subjecting it to atensile test.

In the present invention, the projections and the depressions in theshape of fabric texture can be provided on the surface of the wiringportion of the electrical wiring. The shape of fabric texture in thepresent invention means a shape in which a difference in height existsaccording to a specific rule in the Z axis direction on the X-Ytwo-dimensional plane, and preferably refers to a shape having a regularrepetition in at least two directions (that do not necessarily have tobe orthogonal) on the X-Y plane. Although the repetition period may berandom, it is necessary to satisfy at least the average repetition pitchdefined in the present invention. The shape of fabric texture preferablyused in the present invention is a shape made by literally transferringa shape of an actual fabric, or by imitating the repeated pattern of afabric or the repeated pattern of a knitted fabric. The shape of fabrictexture may be of either fabric texture with regularity of woven fabricor knitted fabric, or fabric texture with unclear regularity of nonwovenfabric. When the fabric is a woven fabric, examples thereof includeplain weave, twill weave, sateen weave, and the like. When the fabric isa knitted fabric, examples thereof include knitted fabrics of plainstitch, modified stitches thereof, moss stitch, crepe stitch, lacestitch, eyelet stitch, plating stitch, pile stitch, rib stitch, ripplestitch, hexagonal stitch, blister stitch, milano rib stitch, doublepique stitch, single pique stitch, twill stitch, herringbone stitch,ponte rome stitch, basket stitch, tricot stitch, half tricot stitch,satin tricot stitch, double tricot stitch, queen's cord stitch, stripedseersucker stitch, raschel stitch, tulle mesh stitch, modified stitchesthereof, and combinations thereof. The fabric may be a nonwoven fabricmade of elastomer fiber or the like.

In the projections and the depressions in the shape of fabric texture onthe surface of the wiring portion as described above, when the fabrictexture has regularity, it is preferred that the repetition pitch of theprojections and the depressions be 0.2 mm or more and 12 mm or less onan arbitrary straight line drawn on the surface of the wiring. Therepetition pitch is preferably in the range of 0.5 mm or more and 9 mmor less, more preferably 1.0 mm or more and 8 mm or less, furtherpreferably 1.6 mm or more and 7 mm or less, and still further preferably2.4 mm or more and 6 mm or less. If the repetition pitch is outside thepredetermined range, the effect on touch sensation becomesunsatisfactory.

In the projections and the depressions in the shape of fabric texture ofthe present invention, the difference in height between a concaveportion and a convex portion is preferably 7 μm or more and 2500 μm orless. The difference in height is more preferably 15 μm or more and 1500μm or less, further preferably 25 μm or more and 900 μm or less, stillfurther preferably 48 μm or more and 600 μm or less. If the differencein height between a concave portion and a convex portion is outside thepredetermined range, the effect on touch sensation becomesunsatisfactory.

The projections and the depressions of the surface of the electricalwiring portion as described above may be determined from a profiledetermined with a noncontact-type thickness meter. More specifically,using a wide double-sided tape, the wiring portion together with thefabric that is a substrate is attached to a flat plate in a state inwhich tension is applied in a surface direction to such an extent that adistinct slack does not occur and used as a sample, and the profile ofthe sample may be determined by an optical thickness meter. If the leveldifference at the boundary is within the above-mentioned range, theexistence of a level difference is not felt when touched, and thereforeit can be said that the electrical wiring has substantially no leveldifference. In the present invention, it is preferable to use athree-dimensional measuring function of a laser microscope as theoptical thickness meter.

A means for realizing the electrical wiring having substantially nolevel difference at the boundary between the electrode portion and thewiring portion in the present invention will be described. In thepresent invention, a portion where the conductor layer is exposed is anelectrode portion, and a portion covered with the insulating cover layeris a wiring portion.

As a means for realizing the electrical wiring having no leveldifference of the present invention, a method of stacking an extremelythin insulating cover layer on a conductor layer can be exemplified. Ifthe thickness of the conductor layer is 50 μm or more and the thicknessof the insulating cover layer is less than 10 μm, the level differenceis not tactually felt, and hence it can be regarded that the electricalwiring has substantially no level difference.

As a means for realizing the electrical wiring having no leveldifference of the present invention, a method can be exemplified inwhich an underlying layer, a conductor layer, an insulating cover layer,and if necessary, an electrode surface layer are sequentially stacked ona substrate by printing, dried and cured, and then subjected to apressure molding at a temperature equal to or higher than the softeningtemperature of each layer. Since this method needs processing atrelatively high temperatures, an applicable substrate may be limited insome cases.

In the present invention, it is possible to obtain an electrical wiringhaving substantially no level difference by using a transfer methoddescribed below.

In the transfer method in the present invention, a predetermined wiringpattern, insulating pattern and the like are printed on an intermediatemedium to form an electrode surface layer, an insulating cover layer, aconductor layer, and an underlying layer in this order, and thentransferred to a fabric as a substrate, whereby an electrical wiring canbe obtained. When the ease of transfer is further desired, a hot-meltlayer as an underlying layer can be formed on the wiring pattern printedon the intermediate medium in advance, and then a transfer to a fabriccan be performed. Furthermore, the hot-melt layer may be provided as animage receiving layer on the fabric side in advance. For such a hot-meltlayer, a thermoplastic urethane resin or the same flexible resin usedfor the binder component of the stretchable conductor composition of thepresent invention can be used.

As the intermediate medium in this case, a so-called release sheet suchas a polymer film or paper having a release layer on its surface may beused. In addition, it is possible to use a film, sheet, plate or thelike having a surface made of a material poor in adhesiveness such asfluororesins, silicone resins, or polyimides. It is also possible to usea metal plate such as stainless steel, a hard chrome-plated steel plate,an aluminum plate or the like.

In the present invention, as a means for realizing the electrical wiringhaving the projections and the depressions in the shape of fabrictexture on its surface, a method can be exemplified in which anunderlying layer, a conductor layer, an insulating cover layer, and ifnecessary, an electrode surface layer are sequentially stacked byprinting on a substrate, and in drying or after drying and curing,embossing is performed at a temperature equal to or higher than thesoftening temperature of each layer. As an embossing method, press workof pushing an embossing mold against a layer and an emboss roller methodof pushing an embossing roller against a layer can be exemplified. Thesemethods can be preferably used when the repetition pitch is relativelywide, i.e., 3 mm or more, preferably 2 mm or more. These methods arealso preferably applicable when a difference in height between theprojections and the depressions is relatively large, i.e., 300 μm ormore, preferably 600 μm or more. Since these methods need processing atrelatively high temperatures, an applicable substrate may be limited insome cases.

In the present invention, it is possible to easily obtain an electricalwiring having projections and depressions in the shape of fabric textureon its surface by forming a reversed pattern of the projections and thedepressions in the shape of fabric texture in advance on theintermediate medium in the transfer method.

In the present invention, the intermediate medium on which the reversedpattern of the projections and the depressions in the shape of fabrictexture is formed in advance can be produced by embossing if athermoplastic film is used as the intermediate medium. When a platematerial of metal, resin or the like is used, a predetermined fabrictexture may be read with a three-dimensional scanner, and the platematerial may be cut in the shape of the fabric texture with athree-dimensional processing machine. The intermediate medium may beproduced using a 3D printer, which is being practically used recently.

In the present invention, in order to produce an intermediate medium onwhich the reversed pattern of the projections and the depressions in theshape of fabric texture is formed in a laboratory manner, for example, afabric having a shape of fabric texture to be desired to use is affixedto a plate material, a release agent is applied to the surface of thefabric with a spray or the like, and silicone resin for molding isapplied to the entire surface and peeled off after being cured, wherebya mold transfer intermediate medium which the reversed pattern of theshape of fabric texture to be desired to use is formed on its surfacecan be obtained.

EXAMPLES

Hereinafter, the invention will be explained in more detail andspecifically by further showing examples. Evaluation results etc. ofexamples were measured by the following method.

<Amount of Nitrile>

The amount of nitrile was converted from the composition ratio obtainedby analyzing the resulting resin material by NMR to a ratio by mass (%by mass) of monomer.

<Mooney Viscosity>

The measurement was conducted using SMV-300RT “Mooney Viscometer”manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.

<Average Particle Diameter>

The measurement was performed using a light-scattering particle sizedistribution analyzer LB-500 manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.

<Elastic Modulus and Elongation at Break>

Each material was applied to a release sheet so as to have a drythickness of 100±10 μm, followed by drying and curing underpredetermined conditions, and the resulting sheet together with therelease sheet were punched out into a dumbbell shape defined by ISO527-2-1A to obtain a test piece. At the time of measurement, the sheetof each material was peeled off from the release sheet and subjected toa tensile test by the method defined in ISO 527-1 to determine anelastic modulus and an elongation at break.

<Stretching Characteristics of Electrical Wiring Portion>

The electrical wiring portion excluding the electrode portion of theproduced garment-type electronic device was cut out such that thestraight line part of the wiring was 100 mm in length to obtain a testpiece. After visually confirming that the wiring portion was not peeledoff from the fabric that was a substrate, and no crack or the likeoccurred on the surface of the insulating cover layer in the test piece,the insulating cover layer at the end of the wiring was scraped off toallow the resistance value of the wiring to be measured, and the wiringwas connected to a terminal of a resistance measuring instrument. Theclip was set in a tensile tester subjected to an electrical insulationtreatment so that a portion to be stretched had an effective length of50 mm, and an initial resistance value, a resistance value whenstretched at a predetermined elongation rate, and a wiring resistancevalue when returned to the initial state were measured.

The initial resistance value was referred to as R0, a resistance valueat 10% stretching was referred to as R10, and a resistance change rateRv=R10/R0 was determined. A case where Rv≤100 was considered that theconductive function was maintained, and thus evaluated as “good”, and acase where Rv>100 was considered that the conductive function was lost,and thus evaluated as “poor”. A case where cracks visually confirmed onthe insulating cover layer of the electrical wiring did not occur afterthe test was considered that the insulation function was maintained, andthus evaluated as “good”, and a case where cracks occurred wasconsidered that the insulation function was lost, and thus evaluated as“poor”. Furthermore, a case where no peeling of the underlying layerfrom the substrate occurred after the test was considered that theinsulation function was maintained, and thus evaluated as “good”, and acase where the peeling occurred was considered that the insulationfunction was lost, and thus evaluated as “poor”.

The procedure in which the test piece was stretched by 10%, kept for onesecond, then returned to the initial state and held for one second wasrepeatedly performed 100 times, and then the same evaluation was carriedout.

<Measurement of Resistance of Wiring>

The resistance value of the wiring was measured using Milliohmmetermanufactured by Agilent Technologies.

<Level Difference>

A portion including the electrode portion and the wiring portion was cutout into a rectangle of 50 mm×100 mm from the garment-type electronicdevice to obtain a test piece. The test piece was attached using adouble-sided tape having a width of 50 mm such that the wiring portionhaving a thickness of 10 mm together with the fabric that was thesubstrate did not slacken, and then, a thickness profile from theelectrode portion to the wiring portion was determined with an opticalthickness meter.

As for the absolute value of the slope of 10 mm of from 5 mm on theelectrode side to 5 mm on the wiring side at the boundary between theelectrode portion and the wiring portion, a case where a ratio of leveldifference/measurement length (10 mm) was less than 50/3000 wasevaluated as “very good”, a case where the ratio was 50/3000 or more andless than 50/2000 was evaluated as “good”, a case where the ratio was50/2000 or more and less than 50/1000 was evaluated as “fair”, and acase where the ratio was 50/1000 or more was evaluated as “poor”.

<Wearing Feeling>

Ten adult men as test subjects wore the garment provided with anelectrical wiring which was produced in the Examples and did the radioexercise No. 1 and the radio exercise No. 2 successively while measuringan electrocardiogram. With regard to the wearing feeling during thattime, the sensory evaluation was performed according to 5 grades from 5points as “good feeling” to 1 point as “bad feeling”. Averaging pointsof ten subjects, a case of 4 points or more was evaluated as “verygood”, a case of 3 points or more and less than 4 points was evaluatedas “good”, a case of 2 points or more and less than 3 points wasevaluated as “fair”, and a case of less than 2 points was evaluated as“poor”.

<Difference in Height and Repetition Pitch of Projections andDepressions in the Shape of Fabric Texture>

A portion including the electrode portion and the wiring portion was cutout into a rectangle of 50 mm×100 mm from the garment-type electronicdevice to obtain a test piece. The test piece was attached using adouble-sided tape having a width of 50 mm such that a wiring portionhaving a thickness of 10 mm together with the fabric that was thesubstrate did not slacken, and then, the test piece was observed with alaser microscope VK-X200 manufactured by Keyence Corporation, theobtained data was subjected to data processing with an analysisapplication for VK-X100/X200, and the difference in height between theprojections and the depressions was determined. The difference in heightwas measured for 5 concave portions and the average thereof was taken.Subsequently, a ruler with a scale of 0.5 mm was placed on the testpiece so as to be in a random direction, and the repetition pitch of theprojections and the depressions was measured. In the measurement, theaverage of the pitch intervals for 10 repetitions was firstlydetermined, the same operation was performed 5 times in total in otherdirections randomly selected, and the average value of the determined 5average values was further determined and taken as a repetition pitch.

<Wearing Feeling>

Ten adult men as test subjects wore the garment provided with anelectrical wiring which was produced in the Examples and ran ahalf-marathon while measuring an electrocardiogram. With regard to thewearing feeling during that time, the sensory evaluation was performedaccording to 5 grades from 5 points as “good feeling” to 1 point as “badfeeling”. Averaging points of ten subjects, a case of 4 points or morewas evaluated as “very good”, a case of 3 points or more and less than 4points was evaluated as “good”, a case of 2 points or more and less than3 points was evaluated as “fair”, and a case of less than 2 points wasevaluated as “poor”.

<Washing Durability>

The garment was put in a square-shaped laundry net of 40 cm×50 cm, andusing a spin-dryer-equipped household washing machine having a standardwashing volume and a standard water volume which meets the standard ofJIS C 9606 (electric washing machine) as specified in the washing method103 of JIS L 0217 “Labeling Marks for Handling of Textile Products andLabeling Methods Thereof”, the garment was washed for 15 minutes withoutusing a detergent, dewatered for 10 minutes, taken out, and dried in theshade indoors. Then, the electrical continuity of the wiring portion ofthe garment was checked, and a case where the electrical continuity wasconfirmed was evaluated as “good”, and a case where the electricalcontinuity was broken or unstable was evaluated as “poor”.

<Misalignment>

Using trim marks for alignment provided on each layer in advance, apositional gap between the conductor layer and the insulating coverlayer was measured with a length measuring machine capable of measuringin units of μm. The trim marks were provided in the portionscorresponding to the four corners of the necessary print pattern so asto align with a rectangular screen plate used for printing. The screenplate was set so as to align with at least one of the trim marks whenprinting, printing was carried out, a vector amount was determined fromthe amount of positional gap in the X-Y direction at each of the fourcorners, and the average value of the absolute values of the vectoramounts at the four points was determined.

Production Example <Polymerization of Synthetic Rubber Material>

The following materials were put into a stainless steel reactor equippedwith a stirrer and a water cooling jacket and gently stirred whilekeeping the bath temperature at 15° C. by flowing nitrogen.

butadiene 54 parts by mass acrylonitrile 46 parts by mass deionizedwater 270 parts by mass sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 0.5 part by masssodium naphthalenesulfonate condensate 2.5 parts by mass t-dodecylmercaptan 0.3 part by mass triethanolamine 0.2 part by mass sodiumcarbonate 0.1 part by mass

Next, an aqueous solution prepared by dissolving 0.3 part by mass ofpotassium persulfate in 19.7 parts by mass of deionized water was addeddropwise into the reactor over 30 minutes, reaction was furthercontinued for 20 hours, an aqueous solution prepared by dissolving 0.5part by mass of hydroquinone in 19.5 parts by mass of deionized waterwas then added thereto, and an operation for stopping the polymerizationreaction was carried out.

Next, in order to distill off unreacted monomers, the pressure in thereactor was first reduced, and then steam was introduced into thereactor to recover the unreacted monomers, thereby to obtain a syntheticrubber latex (L1) composed of NBR. Sodium chloride and dilute sulfuricacid were added to the obtained latex, aggregation and filtration wereperformed. Then, deionized water in an amount 20 times in volume ratioto the resin was divided in five portions, the resin was washed byrepeating redispersion in the deionized water and filtration, and driedin air to obtain a synthetic rubber resin R1.

The evaluation results of the obtained synthetic rubber resin R1 areshown in Table 1. Then, the operations were similarly performed bychanging raw materials, polymerization conditions, washing conditions,and the like to obtain resin materials R2 to R4 shown in Table 1.Abbreviations in the table are as follows:

NBR: acrylonitrile butadiene rubberNBIR: acrylonitrile-isoprene rubber (isoprene: 10% by mass)SBR: styrene-butadiene rubber (styrene/butadiene=50/50% by mass)

TABLE 1 latex L1 L2 L3 L4 stretchable resin R1 R2 R3 R4 component NBRNBR NBIR SBR polymerization temperature 15 12 15 20 Amount of nitrile[mass %] 43 35 26  0 Mooney viscosity 53 42 34 64

Production Example

1.5 parts by mass of a liquid bisphenol-A based epoxy resin with anepoxy equivalent of 175 to 195, 10 parts by mass of the stretchableresin (R1) obtained in the production example, and 0.5 part by mass ofthe latent curing agent [trade name: Amicure PN23 manufactured byAjinomoto Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.] were mixed and stirred with 30 partsby mass of isophorone to be dissolved, thereby to obtain a binder resincomposition A1. Next, 58.0 parts by mass of fine flaky silver powder[trade name: Ag-XF301 manufactured by Fukuda Metal Foil & Powder Co.,Ltd.] having an average particle diameter of 6 μm was added to thebinder resin composition A1, uniformly mixed and dispersed by athree-roll mill to obtain a conductive paste AG1. The evaluation resultsof the obtained conductive paste AG1 are shown in Table 2a and Table 2b.

Then, blending was carried out by changing the materials to obtainconductive pastes AG2 to AG6 as shown in Table 2a and Table 2b.Likewise, the evaluation results are shown in Table 2a and Table 2b.

Note that in Tables 2a and 2b, amorphous silver powder 1 is anaggregated silver powder G-35 (average particle diameter: 6.0 μm)manufactured by DOWA Electronics, and amorphous silver powder 2 is anaggregated silver powder having an average particle diameter of 2.1 μmobtained by wet-classifying the aggregated silver powder G-35manufactured by DOWA Electronics.

Then, in the same manner as in the production of the conductive paste,the formulation was changed in accordance with Table 2a and Table 2b toobtain a carbon paste CB1 for the electrode surface layer, and pastesCC1 and CC2 for the underlying layer and the insulating cover layer. Theevaluation results are shown in Table 2a and Table 2b. The pastes CC1and CC2 not containing solid particles was obtained by dissolving theresin component in a solvent.

TABLE 2a Production Production Production Production ProductionProduction Production Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5Example 6 Example 7 blending material AG1 AG2 AG3 AG4 AG5 CB1 CC1Vehicle epoxy resin parts by mass 1.5 — — — — — — stretchable resin (R1)parts by mass 10.0 — — — 12.0 — 30.0 stretchable resin (R2) parts bymass — 12.0 — — — 25.0 — stretchable resin (R3) parts by mass — — 12.0 —— — — stretchable resin (R4) parts by mass — — — 12.0 — — — curing agentparts by mass 0.5 — — — — — — isophorone parts by mass 30.0 30.0 30.030.0 30.0 80.0 40.0 Solid scaly silver powder parts by mass 58.0 — — — —— particle amorphous silver powder 1 parts by mass — 58.0 58.0 — 52.0 —— amorphous silver powder 2 parts by mass — — — 58.0 — — — graphite BFparts by mass — — — — — 12.0 — ketchen black parts by mass — — — — — 2.0 — barium sulfate A parts by mass — — — —  6.0 — — specificresistance Ωcm 1.8 × 10⁻⁴ 2.3 × 10⁻⁴ 2.0 × 10⁻⁴ 5.0 × 10⁻⁴ 3.5 × 10⁻⁴3.0 × 10⁻¹ — elastic modulus MPa 250 120   90   120   180   360   60  elongation at break % 75 210   190   180   160   90   240  

TABLE 2b Production Production Production Production ProductionProduction Example 8 Example 9 Example 12 Example 15 Example 22 Example23 blending material CC2 AG6 AG12 AG15 AG22 AG23 Vehicle epoxy resinparts by mass 14.0 5.5 — — — — stretchable resin (R1) parts by mass 15.06.0 6.0 12.0 6.0 — stretchable resin (R2) parts by mass — — 6.0 — 6.0 —stretchable resin (R3) parts by mass — — — — —  8.0 stretchable resin(R4) parts by mass — — — — —  4.0 curing agent parts by mass 1.0 0.5 — —— — isophorone parts by mass 40.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 Solid scalysilver powder parts by mass — 58.0 — 10.0 — particle amorphous silverpowder 1 parts by mass — — 58.0 22.0 40.0 38.0 amorphous silver powder 2parts by mass — — — 30.0 8.0 20.0 graphite BF parts by mass — — — — — —ketchen black parts by mass — — — — — — barium sulfate A parts by mass —— —  6.0 — — specific resistance Ωcm — 1.2 × 10⁻⁴ 2.3 × 10⁻⁴ 3.0 × 10⁻⁴1.4 × 10⁻⁴ 1.8 × 10⁻⁴ elastic modulus MPa 1300 2200 120 180   95 68  elongation at break % 45 30 210 170   170 220  

Example 1

A garment-type electronic device for measuring an electrocardiogram wasproduced by the transfer method as shown in FIG. 6.

On a release PET film having a thickness of 125 μm, first, the carbonpaste CB1 for forming an electrode surface layer was screen-printed in apredetermined pattern and then dried and cured, and subsequently, theinsulating paste CC1 for forming an insulating cover layer wasscreen-printed in a predetermined pattern, and then dried and cured. Theelectrode surface layer for measuring an electrocardiogram was a circlewith a diameter of 30 mm. The insulating cover layer had a doughnutshape having an inner diameter of 30 mm and an outer diameter of 36 mmat the electrode portion, and the wiring portion extending from theelectrode had a width of 14 mm. A circular electrode with a diameter of10 mm was similarly printed with a carbon paste at the end of the wiringportion in order to attach a hook for connection to a sensor. The dryfilm thicknesses of the carbon paste layer and the insulating coverlayer were 25 μm and 15 μm, respectively.

Next, an electrode portion and a wiring portion were screen-printedusing the silver paste AG1 for forming a conductor layer, and dried andcured under predetermined conditions. The electrode portion was a circlehaving a diameter of 32 mm, the wiring portion had a width of 10 mm, andthe dry thickness of these portions on the insulating cover layer wasadjusted to be 30 μm. An underlying layer was further screen-printedusing the same CC1 used for the insulating cover layer and dried so asto have a dry thickness of 20 μm. Furthermore, another underlying layerwas printed under the same conditions and dried such that the solventremained in an amount of 25% by mass by adjusting the drying time toleave the surface tackiness, whereby a transferable printed electricalwiring was obtained.

Next, the transferable printed electrical wiring obtained by the aboveprocess was overlaid on a predetermined portion of a sports shirt turnedinside out which was made of knitted fabric, and pressed at roomtemperature to temporarily bond the printed electrical wiring to theback side of the sports shirt. Then, the release PET film was peeledoff, and the sports shirt was hung on a hanger and dried at 115° C. for30 minutes to obtain a sports shirt provided with an electrical wiring.The wiring pattern is shown in FIG. 7, and the arrangement of the wiringpattern on the shirt is shown in FIG. 8.

In the obtained sports shirt provided with the electrical wiring, thecircular electrode having a diameter 30 mm was placed on theintersection of each of left and right posterior axillary lines and theseventh rib, and the electrical wiring composed of the stretchableconductor having a width of 10 mm extending from each of the circularelectrodes to the center of the posterior neck was formed on the insideof the sports shirt. The wirings extending from the left and rightelectrodes to the center of the posterior neck had a gap of 5 mmtherebetween at the center of the neck, and both wirings were notshort-circuited.

Subsequently, a stainless steel hook was attached on the outer side atthe center edge of the posterior neck, and in order to ensure electricalcontinuity with the wiring portion on the inner side, the stainlesssteel hook was electrically connected to the stretchable conductorcomposition layer using a conductive yarn in which a fine metal wire wastwisted.

Heart rate sensor WHS-2 manufactured by Union Tool Co. was connected viathe stainless steel hook, and was programmed so that a heart rate datacould be received and displayed with a smartphone manufactured by Applein which the application “myBeat” designed specifically for the heartrate sensor WHS-2 had been installed. In this way, the sports shirt inwhich a heart rate measurement function was incorporated was produced.

This shirt was worn by a subject, the subject did the radio exercise No.1 and the radio exercise No. 2 successively, and the electrocardiogramdata of the subject during these exercises was acquired. The acquiredelectrocardiogram data had less noise and a high resolution, and hencehad a quality as an electrocardiogram that is capable of analyzingmental states, physical condition, fatigue, sleepiness, stress levels,or the like from the change in heart rate interval, theelectrocardiogram waveform, and the like. The same shirt was worn by tensubjects, and the feeling of wearing was evaluated. The results areshown in Table 3 and Table 4.

A predetermined test piece was cut out from a sports shirt producedunder the same conditions as in the sports shirt used in the wearingtest. For the test piece, the level difference at the boundary betweenthe electrode portion and the wiring portion was evaluated, and themaintenance performances of the electrical conductivity of the wiring,the insulating property of the insulating cover layer, and theinsulating property of the underlying layer were evaluated on each casewhere 10% stretching was carried out once and 100 times. The results areshown in Table 3 and Table 4.

Then, sports shirts of Examples 2 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2were produced in the same manner as above according to theconfigurations as shown in Table 3 and Table 4, and evaluated in thesame manner as above. The results are shown in Table 3 and Table 4.

Comparative Examples 3 to 5

The sports shirt made of knitted fabric used in Example 1 was turnedinside out, put in a frame so that wrinkles did not form on the backside, and fixed by pinning both shoulders and left and right hems of theshirt.

Next, a sports shirt having the same wiring pattern as that of theExamples was produced by the direct printing method as shown in FIG. 5.First, an underlying layer was screen-printed with the CC paste in apredetermined pattern, dried under predetermined conditions, furtherprinted again under the same conditions, and dried and cured. Next, aconductor layer, an insulating cover layer, and an electrode surfacelayer were each printed and dried in this order to obtain an electricalwiring. A hook was attached to the obtained sports shirt, and a heartrate sensor WHS-2 manufactured by Union Tool Co. was connected in thesame manner as in the Examples, and the evaluation was carried out inthe same manner as in the Examples. The results are shown in Table 3 andTable 4.

In Comparative Example 1, a break in electrical continuity in the wiringportion occurred at the first wearing, and it was impossible to acquireelectrocardiogram data. In Comparative Example 2, initialelectrocardiogram data could be acquired without problems, but noiseincreased in course of doing the radio exercise, and it becameimpossible to acquire data in the middle of the radio exercise No. 2. InComparative Examples 3 to 5, it was possible to acquire data to the end,but in Comparative Example 5 in which the initial specific resistancewas relatively high, in the test of repeatedly stretching 100 times, theresistance value on stretching was more than 100-fold the initialresistance value, and the evaluation was “poor”.

TABLE 3 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6electrical electrical electrical electrical electrical electrical wiring1 wiring 2 wiring 3 wiring 4 wiring 5 wiring 6 Wiring electrode surfacelayer CB1 CB1 CB1 CB1 CB1 none configuration insulating cover layer CC1CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 conductor layer AG1 AG2 AG3 AG4 AG5 AG5 underlyinglayer CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 substrate knitted fabric knitted fabricknitted fabric knitted fabric knitted fabric knitted fabric Wiringformation method transfer transfer transfer transfer transfer transferlevel difference good good good good good good wearing feeling good goodgood good good good stretching maintenance performance of good good goodgood good good once conductivity insulating property of the good goodgood good good good insulating cover layer insulating property of thegood good good good good good underlying layer stretching maintenanceperformance of good good good good good good 100 times conductivityinsulating property of the good good good good good good insulatingcover layer insulating property of the good good good good good goodunderlying layer

TABLE 4 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative ComparativeExample 1 Example 2 Example3 Example 4 Example5 electrical electricalelectrical electrical electrical wiring 7 wiring 8 wiring 8 wiring 8wiring 8 Wiring electrode surface layer CB1 CB1 CB1 CB1 CB1configuration insulating cover layer CC1 CC2 CC1 CC1 CC1 conductor layerAG6 AG2 AG2 AG3 AG4 underlying layer CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 substrateknitted fabric knitted fabric knitted fabric knitted fabric knittedfabric Wiring formation method transfer transfer direct printing directprinting direct printing level difference good good poor poor poorwearing feeling poor poor poor poor poor stretching maintenanceperformance of poor good good good good once conductivity insulatingproperty of the good poor good good good insulating cover layerinsulating property of the good poor good good good underlying layerstretching maintenance performance of poor good good good poor 100 timesconductivity insulating property of the good poor good good goodinsulating cover layer insulating property of the poor poor good goodgood underlying layer

Production Example 1 of Releasing Intermediate Medium

A plain woven stainless steel screen of 500 mesh was attached, with adouble-sided adhesive tape, to a basswood plywood sheet having athickness of 12 mm which was provided with a dam with a height of 15 mmat the periphery of the sheet, and a PVA adhesive as a releasing agentwas applied to the screen in an amount necessary to allow half of thescreen in the thickness direction to be buried during drying, dried byair-drying for 20 hours, and further dried in a dry oven at 70° C. for 2hours. Next, a two-component curable type silicone resin was poured intothe screen so as to have a thickness of about 5 mm, and cured at roomtemperature over 24 hours. After curing, the silicone resin was peeledoff to obtain a transfer mold 1 having the projections and thedepressions of a plain weave pattern.

Then, using the stainless steel screens and polyester screens ofdifferent meshes, the operation was conducted in the same manner asabove to obtain transfer molds as shown in Table 5.

Production Example 2 of Releasing Intermediate Medium

A tricot woven fabric was attached, with a double-sided adhesive tape,to a basswood plywood sheet having a thickness of 12 mm which wasprovided with a dam with a height of 15 mm at the periphery of thesheet, and a PVA adhesive as a releasing agent and fluff inhibitor wasapplied to the screen so as to fully penetrate the fabric, dried byair-drying for 20 hours, and further dried in a dry oven at 70° C. for 2hours. Next, a two-component curable type silicone resin was poured intothe fabric so as to have a thickness of about 5 mm, and cured at roomtemperature over 24 hours. After curing, the silicone resin was peeledoff to obtain a transfer mold having the projections and the depressionsof a tricot stitch knitted fabric.

Using another fabric, the operation was conducted in the same manner asabove to obtain a transfer mold as shown in Table 5.

<Production Example of Embossing Mold>

A part of the plain woven screen used in the production example of thereleasing intermediate medium was read with a 3D scanner and processedinto digital data. After reversing the negative/positive of theprojections and the depressions in the form of the digital data, therepetition pitch and the difference in height of the projections and thedepressions were deformed so as to have predetermined values, followedby molding with a 3D printer. Next, a releasing agent was applied to theobtained molded product, then five glass cloths impregnated with anepoxy resin that is cured at room temperature were stacked thereon, thewhole was placed in a thick futon compression bag, and the bag wasdecompressed by a vacuum cleaner. The whole was taken out after 24hours, and the cured FRP part was removed. Then, the back side of thecured FRP was filled with thermosetting putty and flattened to obtain anembossing mold.

Then, molding was carried out in the same manner as above by changingthe repetition pitch and the difference in height of the projections andthe depressions, thereby to obtain embossing molds as shown in Table 5.

TABLE 5 repetition Difference pitch of the in height of projectionsprojections and the and shape of fabric depressions depressions moldtexture mm μm transfer mold 1 plain woven 400 mesh 0.063 12 transfermold 2 plain woven 300 mesh 0.082 16 transfer mold 3 plain woven 130mesh 0.16 28 transfer mold 4 plain woven 70 mesh 0.35 62 transfer mold 5tricot A 2.4 140 transfer mold 6 tricot B 3.8 220 embossing mold 1 plainwoven 200 mesh 0.12 37 embossing mold 2 plain woven 50 mesh 0.5 70embossing mold 3 plain woven 25 mesh 1.0 280 embossing mold 4 plainwoven 8 mesh 3.1 950 embossing mold 5 plain woven 4 mesh 6.2 2100embossing mold 6 plain woven 1.5 mesh 16.7 2800 embossing mold 7 plainwoven 12.5 mesh 2.0 5 embossing mold 8 plain woven 12.5 mesh 2.0 21embossing mold 9 plain woven 12.5 mesh 2.0 350 embossing mold 10 plainwoven 12.5 mesh 2.0 3500

<Examples and Comparative Example According to a Transfer Method>Examples 101 to 120 and Comparative Examples 101 to 108

A garment-type electronic device for measuring an electrocardiogram wasproduced by the transfer method as shown in FIG. 6.

First, the carbon paste CB1 for forming an electrode surface layer wasscreen-printed in a predetermined pattern on the transfer mold 4 asshown in Table 5, and then dried and cured. Subsequently, the insulatingpaste CC1 for forming an insulating cover layer was screen-printed in apredetermined pattern, and then dried and cured. The electrode surfacelayer for measuring an electrocardiogram was a circle with a diameter of30 mm. The insulating cover layer had a doughnut shape having an innerdiameter of 30 mm and an outer diameter of 36 mm at the electrodeportion, and the wiring portion extending from the electrode had a widthof 14 mm. A circular electrode with a diameter of 10 mm was similarlyprinted with a carbon paste at the end of the wiring portion in order toattach a hook for connection to a sensor. The dry film thicknesses ofthe carbon paste layer and the insulating cover layer were 25 μm and 30μm, respectively.

Next, an electrode portion and a wiring portion were screen-printedusing the silver paste AG1 for forming a conductor layer, and dried andcured under predetermined conditions. The electrode portion was a circlehaving a diameter of 32 mm, the wiring portion had a width of 10 mm, andthe dry thickness of these portions on the insulating cover layer wasadjusted to be 40 μm. An underlying layer was further screen-printedusing the same CC1 used for the insulating cover layer and dried so asto have a dry thickness of 40 μm. Furthermore, another underlying layerwas again printed under the same conditions, and dried such that thesolvent remained in an amount of 25% by mass by adjusting the dryingtime to leave the surface tackiness, whereby a transferable printedelectrical wiring was obtained.

Next, the transferable printed electrical wiring obtained by the aboveprocess was overlaid on a predetermined portion of a sports shirt turnedinside out which was made of knitted fabric, and pressed at roomtemperature to temporarily bond the printed electrical wiring to theback side of the sports shirt. Then, the transfer mold was peeled off,and the sports shirt was hung on a hanger and further dried at 115° C.for 30 minutes to obtain a sports shirt provided with an electricalwiring having a pattern in a plain weave form on the surface.

In the obtained sports shirt provided with the electrical wiring, thecircular electrode having a diameter 30 mm was placed on theintersection of each of left and right posterior axillary lines and theseventh rib, and the electrical wiring composed of the stretchableconductor having a width of 10 mm extending from each of the circularelectrodes to the center of the posterior neck was formed on the insideof the sports shirt. The wirings extending from the left and rightelectrodes to the center of the posterior neck had a gap of 5 mmtherebetween at the center of the neck, and both wirings were notshort-circuited.

Subsequently, a stainless steel hook was attached on the outer side atthe center edge of the posterior neck, and in order to ensure electricalcontinuity with the wiring portion on the inner side, the stainlesssteel hook was electrically connected to the stretchable conductorcomposition layer using a conductive yarn in which a fine metal wire wastwisted.

Heart rate sensor WHS-2 manufactured by Union Tool Co. was connected viathe stainless steel hook, and was programmed so that a heart rate datacould be received and displayed with a smartphone manufactured by Applein which the application “myBeat” designed specifically for the heartrate sensor WHS-2 had been installed. In this way, the sports shirt inwhich a heart rate measurement function was incorporated was produced.The wiring pattern is shown in FIG. 7, and the arrangement of the wiringpattern on the shirt is shown in FIG. 8.

This shirt was worn by a subject, the subject ran a half-marathondistance, and the electrocardiogram data of the subject during thisrunning was acquired. The acquired electrocardiogram data had less noiseand a high resolution, and hence had a quality as an electrocardiogramthat is capable of analyzing mental states, physical condition, fatigue,sleepiness, stress levels, or the like from the change in heart rateinterval, the electrocardiogram waveform, and the like. The same shirtwas worn by ten subjects, and the feeling of wearing was evaluated. Theresults are shown in Tables 6a, 6b and 6c.

A predetermined test piece was cut out from a sports shirt producedunder the same conditions as in the sports shirt used in the wearingtest. For the test piece, the level difference at the boundary betweenthe electrode portion and the wiring portion was evaluated, and themaintenance performances of the electrical conductivity of the wiring,the insulating property of the insulating cover layer, and theinsulating property of the underlying layer were evaluated on each casewhere 10% stretching was carried out once and 100 times. The results areshown in Tables 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b and 7c.

Then, sports shirts were produced in the same manner as above accordingto the configurations as shown in Tables 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b and 7c, andevaluated in the same manner as above. The results are shown in Tables6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b and 7c.

<Examples and Comparative Examples According to a Direct PrintingMethod+Embossing>

A garment-type electronic device for measuring an electrocardiogram wasproduced by the direct printing method as shown in FIG. 5.

The sports shirt made of knitted fabric used in Example 101 was turnedinside out, put in a frame so that wrinkles did not form on the backside, and fixed by pinning both shoulders and left and right hems of theshirt.

Next, a sports shirt having the same wiring pattern as that of theExamples was produced by the direct printing method as shown in FIG. 5.First, an underlying layer was screen-printed with the CC paste in apredetermined pattern, dried under predetermined conditions, furtherprinted again under the same conditions, and dried and cured. Next, aconductor layer, an insulating cover layer, and an electrode surfacelayer in this order were each printed and dried to obtain an electricalwiring.

<Embossing>

The obtained shirt provided with the electrical wiring was placed on asilicone rubber sheet having a thickness of 3 mm with the wiring surfacefacing upward, the embossing mold 4 as shown in Table 5 was stackedthereon, and they were placed on a hot plate heated to 90° C. andpressed to transfer the projections and the depressions of the embossingmold to the wiring surface.

A hook was attached to the sports shirt subjected to embossing, and aheart rate sensor WHS-2 manufactured by Union Tool Co. was connected inthe same manner as in the Examples to obtain a sports shirt in which aheart rate measurement function was incorporated. Then, the evaluationwas carried out in the same manner as in the Examples. The results areshown in Tables 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b and 7c.

<Examples and Comparative Examples According to a TransferMethod+Embossing>

An electrical wiring was formed by the transfer method as shown in FIG.6 using a release PET film instead of the transfer mold and thensubjected to embossing using a predetermined embossing mold, thereby toproduce a garment-type electronic device for measuring anelectrocardiogram. The evaluation was carried out in the same manner asabove. The results are shown in Tables 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b and 7c.

In the rows of use mold in Tables 6a, 6b, 6c, 7a, 7b, and 7c, theexamples in which both the release PET and the embossing mold areindicated are examples of a combination of the transfer method and theembossing.

Comparative Example 1, which is a case where a conductor layer with poorflexibility was used, has no problem in wearing feeling but poordurability against stretching. Comparative Examples 102 and 104, whichare cases where the wiring surface was not subjected to processing intoa shape of fabric texture, has a problem with wearing feeling.Particularly in exercises involving much perspiration such aslong-distance running, it can be construed that the flat wiring surfacesticks to the skin and an uncomfortable feeling increases. ComparativeExample 103, which is an example of a conductor layer having poorflexibility, has a problem in stretching durability. Although Example110 has some problems in stretching durability, the wearing feeling andthe washing durability are improved, and it can be seen that thedurability against stretching is somewhat improved in the case ofproviding the projections and the depressions. In Comparative Example105, a surface pattern of a so-called high mesh plain woven fabric wasused, but the repetition pitch and the difference in height of theprojections and the depressions are both too small to have an effect ofimproving wearing feeling. On the contrary, Comparative Example 106,which is a case where the repetition pitch and the difference in heightof the projections and the depressions are too large, has a poor effectof improving wearing feeling and further has a slight problem instretching durability. Comparative Example 107, which is a case wherethe difference in height of the projections and the depressions issmall, has a poor effect of improving wearing feeling. On the contrary,Comparative Example 108 is a case where the difference in height of theprojections and the depressions is large. It can be construed that ifthe projections and the depressions formed by embossing are too large, abreak in electrical continuity in the conductor layer is likely tooccur.

TABLE 6a Example101 Example102 Example103 Example104 Example105 Wiringelectrode surface layer CB1 CB1 CB1 CB1 CB1 configuration insulatingcover layer CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 conductor layer AG1 AG12 AG3 AG4 AG15underlying layer CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 substrate knitted fabric knittedfabric knitted fabric knitted fabric knitted fabric Wiring formationmethod transfer transfer transfer transfer transfer use mold transfermold 4 transfer mold 4 transfer mold 4 transfer mold 4 transfer mold 4shape fabric texture shape plain woven plain woven plain woven plainwoven plain woven 70 mesh 70 mesh 70 mesh 70 mesh 70 mesh pitch mm 0.350.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 difference in height μm 38 40 37 36 37 wearingfeeling very good very good very good very good very good stretchingmaintenance performance of good good good good good once conductivityinsulating property of the good good good good good insulating coverlayer insulating property of the good good good good good underlyinglayer stretching maintenance performance of good good good good good 100times conductivity insulating property of the good good good good goodinsulating cover layer insulating property of the good good good goodgood underlying layer Washing durability good good good good good

TABLE 6b Comparative Comparative Example106 Example 101 Example 102Example107 Example108 Wiring electrode surface layer none CB1 CB1 CB1CB1 configuration insulating cover layer CC1 CC1 CC1 CC2 CC1 conductorlayer AG15 AG6 AG12 AG12 AG12 underlying layer CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1substrate knitted fabric knitted fabric knitted fabric knitted fabricknitted fabric Wiring formation method transfer transfer direct printingdirect printing direct printing use mold transfer mold 4 transfer mold 4none embossing mold 4 embossing mold 4 shape fabric texture shape plainwoven plain woven flat plain woven plain woven 70 mesh 70 mesh 8 mesh 8mesh pitch mm 0.35 0.35 — 3.1 3.1 difference in height μm 41 41 — 620580 wearing feeling very good good poor poor very good stretchingmaintenance performance of good poor good good good once conductivityinsulating property of the good good good good good insulating coverlayer insulating property of the good good good good good underlyinglayer stretching maintenance performance of good — good good good 100times conductivity insulating property of the good — good good goodinsulating cover layer insulating property of the good — good good goodunderlying layer Washing durability good poor good good good

TABLE 6c Comparative Comparative Example109 Example 103 Example110Example 104 Wiring electrode surface layer CB1 CB1 CB1 CB1 configurationinsulating cover layer CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 conductor layer AG15 AG6 AG6 AG15underlying layer CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 substrate knitted fabric knitted fabricknitted fabric knitted fabric Wiring formation method direct printingdirect printing direct printing transfer use mold embossing mold 4releasing PET embossing mold 4 releasing PET shape fabric texture shapeplain woven flat plain woven flat 8 mesh 8 mesh pitch mm 3.1 — 3.1 —difference in height μm 570 — 600 — wearing feeling very good poor verygood poor stretching maintenance performance of good poor good good onceconductivity insulating property of the good good good good insulatingcover layer insulating property of the good good good good underlyinglayer stretching maintenance performance of good — poor good 100 timesconductivity insulating property of the good — good good insulatingcover layer insulating property of the good — good good underlying layerWashing durability good good good good

TABLE 7a Comparative Example105 Example111 Example112 Example113Example114 Wiring electrode surface layer CB1 CB1 CB1 CB1 CB1configuration insulating cover layer CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 conductor layerAG15 AG15 AG15 AG15 AG15 underlying layer CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 substrateknitted fabric knitted fabric knitted fabric knitted fabric knittedfabric Wiring formation method transfer transfer transfer transfertransfer use mold transfer mold 1 transfer mold 2 transfer mold 3transfer mold 5 transfer mold 6 shape fabric texture shape plain wovenplain woven plain woven tricot A tricot B 500 mesh 400 mesh 130 meshpitch mm 0.063 0.082 0.12 2.3 3.8 difference in height μm 4 9 17 90 220wearing feeling poor good good very good very good stretchingmaintenance performance of good good good good good once conductivityinsulating property of the good good good good good insulating coverlayer insulating property of the good good good good good underlyinglayer stretching maintenance performance of good good good good good 100times conductivity insulating property of the good good good good goodinsulating cover layer insulating property of the good good good goodgood underlying layer Washing durability good good good good good

TABLE 7b Comparative Example115 Example116 Example117 Example118Example106 Wiring electrode surface layer CB1 CB1 CB1 CB1 CB1configuration insulating cover layer CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 conductor layerAG15 AG15 AG15 AG15 AG15 underlying layer CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 substrateknitted fabric knitted fabric knitted fabric knitted fabric knittedfabric Wiring formation method transfer transfer transfer transfertransfer use mold releasing PET/ releasing PET/ releasing PET/ releasingPET/ releasing PET/ embossing mold 1 embossing mold 2 embossing mold 3embossing mold 5 embossing mold 6 shape fabric texture shape plain wovenplain woven plain woven plain woven plain woven 200 mesh 50 mesh 25 mesh4 mesh 1.5 mesh pitch mm 0.12 0.5 1.0 6.2 16.7 difference in height μm21 45 180 1300 2700 wearing feeling good very good very good very goodpoor stretching maintenance performance of good good good good good onceconductivity insulating property of the good good good good goodinsulating cover layer insulating property of the good good good goodgood underlying layer stretching maintenance performance of good goodgood good poor 100 times conductivity insulating property of the goodgood good good good insulating cover layer insulating property of thegood good good good good underlying layer Washing durability good goodgood good good

TABLE 7c Comparative Comparative Example107 Example119 Example120Example108 Wiring electrode surface layer CB1 CB1 CB1 CB1 configurationinsulating cover layer CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 conductor layer AG15 AG15 AG15AG15 underlying layer CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 substrate knitted fabric knittedfabric knitted fabric knitted fabric Wiring formation method transfertransfer transfer transfer use mold releasing PET/ releasing PET/releasing PET/ releasing PET/ embossing mold 7 embossing mold 8embossing mold 9 embossing mold 10 shape fabric texture shape plainwoven plain woven plain woven plain woven 12.5 mesh 12.5 mesh 12.5 mesh12.5 mesh pitch mm 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 difference in height μm 3 16 210 2900wearing feeling poor fair good good stretching maintenance performanceof good good good poor once conductivity insulating property of the goodgood good good insulating cover layer insulating property of the goodgood good good underlying layer stretching maintenance performance ofgood good good — 100 times conductivity insulating property of the goodgood good — insulating cover layer insulating property of the good goodgood — underlying layer Washing durability good good good poor

<Production Example Using a Releasing Intermediate Medium Having theProjections and the Depressions in the Shape of Fabric Texture> Examples201 to 205

A plain woven stainless steel screen of 150 mesh was attached, with adouble-sided adhesive tape, to a basswood plywood sheet having athickness of 12 mm which was provided with a dam with a height of 15 mmat the periphery of the sheet, and a PVA adhesive as a releasing agentwas applied to the screen in an amount necessary to allow half of thescreen in the thickness direction to be buried during drying, dried byair-drying for 20 hours, and further dried in a dry oven at 70° C. for 2hours. Next, a two-component curable type silicone resin was poured intothe screen so as to have a thickness of about 5 mm, and cured at roomtemperature over 24 hours. After curing, the silicone resin was peeledoff to obtain a transfer mold having the projections and the depressionsof a plain weave pattern.

Using the obtained transfer mold in place of the release PET film ofExample 1, electrical wirings were produced according to theconfigurations as shown in Table 8 and evaluated in the same manner asabove. The results are shown in Table 8.

<Production Example Using a Releasing Intermediate Medium HavingStripe-Like Projections and Depressions>

Using a 3D printer, a releasing intermediate medium having stripe-likeprojections and depressions was produced. The stripes had a pitch of 2mm, the repetition of the projections and the depressions was formed asa sinusoidal wave having an amplitude of 50 μm.

Using the obtained transfer mold having the stripe-like projections anddepressions in place of the release PET film of Example 1, an electricalwiring was produced according to the configurations as shown in Table 8and evaluated in the same manner as above. The results are shown inTable 8.

Comparative Example 201

The sports shirt made of knitted fabric used in Example 1 was turnedinside out, put in a frame so that wrinkles did not form on the backside, and fixed by pinning both shoulders and left and right hems of theshirt.

Next, a sports shirt having the same wiring pattern as that of theExamples was produced by the direct printing method as shown in FIG. 5.First, an underlying layer was screen-printed with the CC paste in apredetermined pattern, the shirt was removed from the frame, dried underpredetermined conditions, and set again in the frame. Then, a conductorlayer, an insulating cover layer, and an electrode surface layer in thisorder were each formed by conducting printing, removal from the frame,drying, and fixing again to the frame repeatedly to obtain an electricalwiring. A hook was attached to the obtained sports shirt, and a heartrate sensor WHS-2 manufactured by Union Tool Co. was connected in thesame manner as in the Examples, and the evaluation was carried out inthe same manner as above. The results are shown in Table 8.

In Comparative Example 201, although the positional gap in the wiringwas very large, the wiring of the present invention had a very largewidth, and the margin when overlaying each layer was also set to about 2mm, so that no serious problem occurred. However, in the case of arelatively thin wire having a width of less than 1 mm, the positionalgap is larger than the width of the wire, so that it is clear that anelectrical wiring as designed cannot be formed.

TABLE 8 Comparative Example201 Example202 Example203 Example204Example205 Example201 Wiring electrode surface layer CB1 CB1 CB1 CB1 CB1CB1 configuration insulating cover layer CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1conductor layer AG1 AG22 AG23 AG23 AG23 AG22 underlying layer CC1 CC1CC1 CC1 CC1 CC1 substrate knitted fabric knitted fabric knitted fabricknitted fabric knitted fabric knitted fabric Wiring formation methodtransfer transfer transfer transfer transfer direct printingintermediate medium releasing PET releasing PET releasing PET fabrictexture type stripe Not used positional gap μm 54 51 62 76 114 1680level difference good good good good good poor wearing feeling good goodgood very good good poor stretching maintenance performance of good goodgood good good good once conductivity insulating property of the goodgood good good good good insulating cover layer insulating property ofthe good good good good good good underlying layer stretchingmaintenance performance of good good good good good good 100 timesconductivity insulating property of the good good good good good goodinsulating cover layer insulating property of the good good good goodgood good underlying layer

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

As described above, the garment-type electronic device of the presentinvention includes an electrical wiring composed of a stretchableelectrode surface layer, a stretchable insulating cover layer, astretchable underlying layer, and a stretchable conductive layer, and inaddition, the electrical wiring has substantially no level difference atthe boundary between the electrode portion and the wiring portion.Therefore, the garment-type electronic device of the present inventionhas excellent characteristics which satisfy both good electricalcharacteristics and good wearing feeling.

When seeking the mental state of a wearer particularly based on thephysical data of the body such as electrocardiogram data, good wearingfeeling makes it possible to make a mental assessment in a more naturalstate without causing mental noises resulting from poor wearing feeling.Accordingly, the good wearing feeling has great significance in respectof applications of such a garment-type electronic device.

Furthermore, as described above, according to the method for producingthe garment-type electronic device of the present invention, it ispossible to obtain an excellent garment-type electronic device includingan electrical wiring, with improved alignment accuracy, composed of astretchable electrode surface layer, a stretchable insulating coverlayer, a stretchable underlying layer, and a stretchable conductivelayer, wherein the electrical wiring has substantially no leveldifference at the boundary between the electrode portion and the wiringportion, and both good electrical characteristics and good wearingfeeling are satisfied.

The present invention is widely applicable, without being limited to theuse examples exemplified in the above example, to a wearable device fordetecting information of a human body such as bioelectric potentialincluding myoelectric potential and cardiac potential, and biologicalinformation including body temperature, pulse, blood pressure, and thelike with a sensor or the like provided in a garment; a garmentincorporating an electric heating device; a wearable deviceincorporating a sensor for measuring a clothing pressure; wear thatmeasures a body size by using a clothing pressure and displacementdetection; a sock-type device for measuring a pressure of a sole offoot; and the like. Moreover, since the stretchable wiring having nolevel difference on the surface positively acts also for connection withparts and connectors, the present invention is applicable to a garmentin which flexible solar cell modules are integrated in textiles; awiring part of a tent, bag or the like; a low frequency treatmentapparatus having a joint part; a wiring part of a thermal treatmentapparatus or the like; a sensing part of degree of flexion, and thelike. Such wearable devices can be used for not only a human body butalso an animal such as pet or livestock, can be applied to a mechanicaldevice having an expandable portion, a bending portion, and the like,and can also be used as an electrical wiring of a system that is used byconnecting a mechanical device such as a robotic prosthetic arm or legto a human body. In addition, it is also useful as a wiring material foran implant device to be embedded in the body.

Furthermore, the garment-type electronic device of the present inventioncan collect physical data and vital data of the body as a wearableterminal and transmit the collected data as an electric signal to theoutside, and thus serves as an input means for a system for collectingdata of each person and providing useful information to a specificperson. Moreover, if an actuator is incorporated into the garment-typeelectronic device of the present invention, it can be applied toassistance functions of exercise such as a power-assisted suit. Inaddition, by using the garment-type electronic device of the presentinvention to comprehensively analyze physical data of the body, mentalinformation obtained from vital data, and the like, the garment-typeelectronic device of the present invention can be used as a terminal ofa system to detect and diagnose troubles of the body such as variousdiseases. Since the garment-type electronic device of the presentinvention is comfortable in wearing and has no discomfort when wearingit, it is possible to acquire high-quality vital data and hence to useas a data collection device for a system to detect and diagnose not onlyphysical troubles but also mental troubles.

1-16. (canceled)
 17. A garment-type electronic device comprising anelectrical wiring comprising a conductor layer, an insulating coverlayer, and an insulating underlying layer in a part in contact with abody surface, wherein the conductor layer consists of conductiveparticles and an elastomer, wherein the insulating cover layer consistsof an elastomer, wherein the insulating underlying layer consists of anelastomer, wherein the conductor layer has a first surface, a secondsurface opposite the first surface, and a side surface between the firstsurface and the second surface, wherein the insulating underlying layeris on a substrate, and the insulating underlying layer is in contactwith both the side surface of the conductor layer and the first surfaceof the conductor layer, the first surface facing the substrate, whereinthe electrical wiring has substantially no level difference at aboundary between an electrode portion and a wiring portion, and whereinthe conductor layer, the insulating cover layer, and the insulatingunderlying layer each have an elongation at break of 50% or more and atensile elastic modulus of 10 to 500 MPa.
 18. The garment-typeelectronic device comprising an electrical wiring according to claim 17,wherein the electrical wiring comprises the conductor layer, theinsulating cover layer, the insulating underlying layer, and anelectrode surface layer.
 19. The garment-type electronic deviceaccording to claim 17, wherein the garment-type electronic device can bedeformed at a stretching rate of 10% or more without substantiallyimpairing a conductive function of the conductor layer, an insulationfunction of the insulating cover layer, and an insulation function ofthe insulating underlying layer.
 20. A garment-type electronic devicecomprising an electrical wiring comprising at least a conductor layer,an insulating cover layer, and an insulating underlying layer in a partin contact with a body surface, wherein the conductor layer consists ofconductive particles and an elastomer, wherein the insulating coverlayer consists of an elastomer, wherein the insulating underlying layerconsists of an elastomer, wherein the conductor layer has a firstsurface, a second surface opposite the first surface, and a side surfacebetween the first surface and the second surface, wherein the insulatingunderlying layer is on a substrate, and the insulating underlying layeris in contact with both the side surface of the conductor layer and thefirst surface of the conductor layer, the first surface facing thesubstrate, wherein a surface of a wiring portion of the electricalwiring has projections and depressions in a shape of fabric texture, andwherein the conductor layer, the insulating cover layer, and theinsulating underlying layer each have an elongation at break of 50% ormore and a tensile elastic modulus of 10 to 500 MPa.
 21. Thegarment-type electronic device comprising an electrical wiring accordingto claim 20, wherein the electrical wiring comprises at least theconductor layer, the insulating cover layer, the insulating underlyinglayer, and an electrode surface layer.
 22. The garment-type electronicdevice according to claim 20, wherein, in the projections and thedepressions in the shape of fabric texture on the surface of the wiringportion, a repetition pitch of the projections and the depressions is0.06 mm or more and 12 mm or less on at least one arbitrary straightline.
 23. The garment-type electronic device according to claim 20,wherein, in the projections and the depressions in the shape of fabrictexture on the surface of the wiring portion, a difference in heightbetween a concave portion and a convex portion is 7 μm or more and 2500μm or less.
 24. The garment-type electronic device according to claim20, wherein the garment-type electronic device can be deformed at astretching rate of 10% or more without substantially impairing aconductive function of the conductor layer, an insulation function ofthe insulating cover layer, and an insulation function of the insulatingunderlying layer.